Personal Independence Payments - The Points needed Via Benefits and Work
PIP points system
PIP daily living component points
To get an award of the daily living component, you need to score:
8 points for the standard rate
12 points for the enhanced rate
For daily living, the points need to be scored from activities 1-9 below.
You can only score one set of points from each activity, if two or
more apply from the same activity only the highest will count. So,
for example, if:
4 d. Needs assistance to groom. 2 points
4 g. Needs assistance to bathe. 4 points
both apply you will receive only the 4 points for the 'Bathing and
grooming' activity. These can then be added to points for other
activities, such as 'Dressing and undressing'
PIP mobility component points
To get an award of the mobility component you need to score:
8 points for the standard rate
12 points for the enhanced rate
For mobility, the points need to be scored from activities 10-11 below.
As with daily living above, you only score the highest points that
apply to you from each activity, but you can add points from
activities 10 and 11 together to reach your final total.
PIP ACTIVITIES AND POINTS
1. Preparing food and drink.
a. Can prepare and cook a simple meal unaided. 0 points
b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to either prepare or cook a simple
meal. 2 points
c. Cannot cook a simple meal using a conventional cooker but can do so
using a microwave. 2 points
d. Needs prompting to either prepare or cook a simple meal. 2 points
e. Needs supervision to either prepare or cook a simple meal. 4 points
f. Needs assistance to either prepare or cook a simple meal. 4 points
g. Cannot prepare and cook food and drink at all. 8 points
2. Taking nutrition.
a. Can take nutrition unaided. 0 points
b. Needs either –
(i) to use an aid or appliance to take nutrition; or
(ii) assistance to cut up food. 2 points
c. Needs a therapeutic source to take nutrition. 2 points
d. Needs prompting to take nutrition. 4 points
e. Needs assistance to manage a therapeutic source to take nutrition. 6 points
f. Needs another person to convey food and drink to their mouth. 10 points
3. Managing therapy or monitoring a health condition.
a. Either –
(i) Does not receive medication, therapy or need to monitor a health
condition; or
(ii) can manage medication, therapy or monitor a health condition
unaided, or with the use of an aid or appliance.
0 points
b. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage medication or
monitor a health condition. 1 point
c. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage therapy that
takes up to 3.5 hours a week. 2 points
d. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage therapy that
takes between 3.5 and 7 hours a week. 4 points
e. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage therapy that
takes between 7 and 14 hours a week. 6 points
f. Needs supervision, prompting or assistance to manage therapy that
takes at least 14 hours a week. 8 points
4. Bathing and grooming.
a. Can bathe and groom unaided. 0 points
b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to groom. 1 point
c. Needs prompting to groom. 1 point
d. Needs assistance to groom. 2 points
e. Needs supervision or prompting to bathe. 2 points
f. Needs to use an aid or appliance to bathe. 2 points
g. Needs assistance to bathe. 4 points
h. Cannot bathe and groom at all. 8 points
5. Managing toilet needs or incontinence.
a. Can manage toilet needs or incontinence unaided. 0 points
b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to manage toilet needs or
incontinence. 2 points
c. Needs prompting to manage toilet needs. 2 points
d. Needs assistance to manage toilet needs. 4 points
e. Needs assistance to manage incontinence of either bladder or bowel. 6 points
f. Needs assistance to manage incontinence of both bladder and bowel. 8 points
g. Cannot manage incontinence at all. 8 points
6. Dressing and undressing.
a. Can dress and undress unaided. 0 points
b. Needs to use an aid or appliance to dress or undress. 2 points
c. Needs either -
(i) prompting to dress, undress or determine appropriate circumstances
for remaining clothed; or
(ii) assistance or prompting to select appropriate clothing. 2 points
d. Needs assistance to dress or undress lower body. 3 points
e. Needs assistance to dress or undress upper body. 4 points
f. Cannot dress or undress at all. 8 points
7. Communicating.
a. Can communicate unaided and access written information unaided, or
using spectacles or contact lenses. 0 points
b. Needs to use an aid or appliance other than spectacles or contact
lenses to access written information. 2 points
c. Needs to use an aid or appliance to express or understand verbal
communication. 2 points
d. Needs assistance to access written information. 4 points
e. Needs communication support to express or understand complex verbal
information. 4 points
f. Needs communication support to express or understand basic verbal
information. 8 points
g. Cannot communicate at all. 12 points
8. Engaging socially.
a. Can engage socially unaided. 0 points
b. Needs prompting to engage socially. 2 points
c. Needs social support to engage socially. 4 points
d. Cannot engage socially due to such engagement causing either –
(i) overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant; or
(ii) the claimant to exhibit uncontrollable episodes of behaviour
which would result in a substantial risk of harm to the claimant or
another person.
8 points
9. Making financial decisions
a. Can manage complex financial decisions unaided. 0 points
b. Needs prompting to make complex financial decisions. 2 points
c. Needs prompting to make simple financial decisions. 4 points
d. Cannot make any financial decisions at all. 6 points
10. Planning and following a journey.
a. Can plan and follow a journey unaided. 0 points
b. Needs prompting for all journeys to avoid overwhelming
psychological distress to the claimant. 4 points
c. Needs either –
(i) supervision, prompting or a support dog to follow a journey to an
unfamiliar destination; or
(ii) a journey to an unfamiliar destination to have been entirely
planned by another person. 8 points
d. Cannot follow any journey because it would cause overwhelming
psychological distress to the claimant. 10 points
e. Needs either –
(i) supervision, prompting or a support dog to follow a journey to a
familiar destination; or
(ii) a journey to a familiar destination to have been planned entirely
by another person. 15 points
11. Moving around.
a. Can move at least 200 metres either –
(i) unaided; or
(ii) using an aid or appliance, other than a wheelchair or a motorised
device. 0 points
b. Can move at least 50 metres but not more than 200 metres either –
(i) unaided; or
(ii) using an aid or appliance, other than a wheelchair or a motorised
device. 4 points
c. Can move up to 50 metres unaided but no further. 8 points
d. Cannot move up to 50 metres without using an aid or appliance,
other than a wheelchair or a motorised device.
10 points
e. Cannot move up to 50 metres without using a wheelchair propelled by
the claimant. 12 points
f. Cannot move up to 50 metres without using a wheelchair propelled by
another person or a motorised device.
15 points
g. Cannot either –
(i) move around at all; or
(ii) transfer unaided from one seated position to another adjacent
seated position. 15 points
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Variable and fluctuating conditions
Taking a view of ability over a longer period of time helps to iron
out fluctuations and presents a more coherent picture of disabling
effects. Therefore the descriptor choice should be based on
consideration of a 12 month period.
Scoring descriptors will apply to individuals where their
impairment(s) affects their ability to complete an activity on more
than 50 per cent of days in the 12 month period. The following rules
apply:
If one descriptor in an activity applies on more than 50 per cent of
the days in the period – i.e. the activity cannot be completed in the
way described on more than 50 per cent of days – then that descriptor
should be chosen.
If more than one descriptor in an activity applies on more than 50 per
cent of the days in the period, then the descriptor chosen should be
the one which applies for the greatest proportion of the time.
Where one single descriptor in an activity is not satisfied on more
than 50 per cent of days, but a number of different descriptors in
that activity together are satisfied on more than 50 per cent of days
– for example, descriptor 'B' is satisfied on 40 per cent of days and
descriptor 'C' on 30 per cent of days – the descriptor satisfied for
the highest proportion of the time should be selected.
Awaiting treatment
If someone is awaiting treatment or further intervention it can be
difficult to accurately predict its level of success or whether it
will even occur. Descriptor choices should therefore be based on the
likely continuing impact of the health condition or impairment as if
any treatment or further intervention has not occurred.
Reliably, in a timely fashion, repeatedly and safely
An individual must be able to complete an activity descriptor
reliably, in a timely fashion, repeatedly and safely; and where
indicated, using aids and appliances or with support from another
person (or, for activity 10, a support dog). Otherwise they should be
considered unable to complete the activity described at that level.
Reliably means to a reasonable standard.
In a timely fashion means in less than twice the time it would take
for an individual without any impairment.
Repeatedly means completed as often during the day as the individual
activity requires. Consideration needs to be given to the cumulative
effects of symptoms such as pain and fatigue – i.e. whether completing
the activity adversely affects the individual's ability to
subsequently complete other activities.
Safely means in a fashion that is unlikely to cause harm to the
individual, either directly or through vulnerability to the actions of
others; or to another person.
Risk and Safety
When considering whether an activity can be undertaken safely it is
important to consider the risk of a serious adverse event occurring.
However, the risk that a serious adverse event may occur due to
impairments is insufficient – there has to be evidence that if the
activity was undertaken, the adverse event is likely to occur.
Aids and appliances
The assessment will take some account of aids and appliances which are
used in everyday life. In this context:
Aids are devices that help a performance of a function, for example,
walking sticks or spectacles.
Appliances are devices that provide or replace a missing function, for
example artificial limbs, collecting devices (stomas) and wheelchairs.
The assessment will take into account aids and appliances that
individuals normally use and low cost, commonly available ones which
someone with their impairment might reasonably be expected to use,
even if they are not normally used.
Individuals who use or could reasonably be expected to use aids to
carry out an activity will generally receive a higher scoring
descriptor than those who can carry out the activity unaided.
Support dogs
We recognise that guide, hearing and dual sensory dogs are not 'aids'
but have attempted to ensure that the descriptors capture the
additional barriers and costs of needing such a dog where they are
required to enable individuals to follow a journey safely. Descriptors
'C' and 'E' in activity 10 therefore explicitly refer to the use of a
'support dog'.
Support from other people
The assessment will take into account where individuals need the
support of another person or persons to carry out an activity –
including where that person has to carry out the activity for them in
its entirety. The criteria refer to three types of support:
Assistance is support that requires the presence and physical
intervention of another person i.e. actually doing some or all of the
task in question. This specifically excludes non-physical intervention
such as prompting or supervision which are defined below. To apply,
this only needs to be required for part of the activity.
Prompting is support provided by reminding or encouraging an
individual to undertake or complete a task but not physically helping
them. To apply, this only needs to be required for part of the
activity.
Supervision is a need for the continuous presence of another person to
avoid a serious adverse event from occurring to the individual. There
must be evidence that any risk would be likely to occur in the absence
of such supervision. To apply, this must be required for the full
duration of the activity.
Unaided
Within the assessment criteria, the ability to perform an activity
'unaided' means without either the use of aids or appliances or
assistance/prompting/supervision from another person.
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a marked example of a fluctuating condition where an
individual can have no functional limitation one minute and
considerable limitation the next. Assessment should be based on the
impact this causes.
Key to assessing individuals with epilepsy is the consideration of
risk. Within each activity, the relevant descriptor should apply to a
person with epilepsy if there is evidence that a serious adverse event
is likely to occur if the person carried out the activity in that
descriptor. It is essential to consider the likely effects of any
seizure – type and frequency of fit, associated behaviour, the
post-ictal phase and whether there is likely to be sufficient warning
to mitigate any risk of danger.
Source: Benefits And Work
And Thanks to Steve Preece.
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*Thanks
Jules
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